ارائه راهکارهای طراحی برای محله سلسبیلِ تهران با بهره‌گیری از تکنیکهای تحلیلی فرم-ریختشناسی شهری

The physical shape of the city has created a heterogeneous structure in the neighborhoods due to the rapid growth of the city. Establishing physical-spatial balance not only has a significant impact on the appearance of the city but also has a direct relationship with the most important mental and psychological components of the citizens and reveals a part of the historical-social identity of the residents. With a comprehensive understanding of the urban form, an effective step can be taken in developing new urban plans. The urban morphological analysis creates a more comprehensive view of the city for endogenous and exogenous urban development plans.
Therefore, by examining the course of the intellectual development of theorists in the field of form, formal studies and morphology were selected and for further clarification, the approach of urban typology was explored. By emphasizing the theoretical foundations of later thinkers such as “Modoun, Oliveira, and Kropf”, it is possible to introduce a comprehensive category of quantitative and qualitative studies in the field of urban morphology, and in the conceptual framework of the research based on these studies, to introduce the constructive elements and analysis of constructive communication of urban payment form-shape.
Extensive studies have been conducted throughout history to recognize, analyze, and design urban morphology. According to Figure 8, all these studies can be categorized into quantitative and qualitative methods. Four general approaches (based on Kropf’s theory) can be enumerated for them. «Historico-geographical approach» and «typo-morphological approach» are considered for the qualitative method of morphological studies, and the «configurational approach» and «analytical spatial approach» for the quantitative method of morphological studies. The historical study of the urban form over time and the urban landscape analysis with the ability of palimpsest are used in the historical-geographical approach, the typological process analysis, and urban fabric (urban structure) analysis in the typo- morphological approach, space syntax technique, and urban network analysis in the configurational approach, and the cellular automata technique, fractal analysis, and space mate technique in the analytical-spatial approach.
For each approach, «cognitive tools», «analytical methods» and «design ideas» have been identified along with the principles and foundations of morphologists’ ideas. One can mention some cognitive tools such as city map (streets, blocks, and lots), urban landscape (land-use patterns and building texture), morphological stabilization line (man-made factors such as city fence or natural factors such as a river), important morphological elements (natural and man-made), urban organism and spatial configuration; some analytical methods such as abstraction of building texture and urban space and definition of basic types, a study of historical developments of texture, use of morphological areas (homogeneous areas), morphological courses (which can be surveyed as morphological areas under the influence of different cultural courses), marginal belt (limits of city development throughout history), morphological priorities (fixed elements left over from different periods) and the modular reading of the city; some design ideas such as adaptive design (redevelopment of a lot following the existing texture, application of spatial-activity hierarchy), modifiable design (up to date and in accordance with the needs, continuity of the existing structure by creating focal points and spatial-activity centers, representation of urban structure using relative relationships between components), complementary design (endogenous development, extension of historical structure in new textures, connection between old and new textures, description of existing processes and evolution of urban form) and incremental design (design of new urban structure, definition of the main structure in the combination of connection network and urban spaces) can be enumerated as design ideas.
This research aims to provide morphological solutions for the Salsabil neighborhood, which has become a strong point of gravity and high traffic in the context of being located in the 10th district of Tehran. Among the problems of this range are high compression and density of the texture, high level of occupancy in the parts of this range, and low readability of the texture, which solutions have been provided considering all the identified problems according to the formal analysis of the range.
The research method in this study is mixed and includes quantitative and qualitative methods. The qualitative method has been done with exploratory studies and focused content analysis techniques. The quantitative method is based on Spacemate and Agraf technique. After measuring the indicators in the studied area, this area was divided into three parts, western, central, and eastern, and solutions were provided for each part and the entire area. The research findings indicate that it is possible to strengthen and stabilize with the help of a combination of complementary design and endogenous development, and adaptive design by preserving the morphological elements and the main characteristics of the texture, based on respect for the valuable spatial past. The character of the form of urban neighborhoods was achieved in historical contexts.