مروری بر تجارب جهانی در راستای مواجه با بیابان زایی

A review of global experiences in facing desertification

Extended Abstract

Today, desertification is considered as one of the basic challenges of many countries in the world, including developing countries, which has expanded more and more in recent decades. So that today, more than 250 million people in the world are directly affected by the risk of desertification. This phenomenon, which is considered the third most important global challenge of the 21st century after the crisis of water shortage and drought, has led to the emergence of many negative effects in social, economic, environmental and institutional dimensions on the level of human settlements. All these issues and challenges have caused one of the international conventions compiled in relation to land to be the Convention against Desertification. In light of that, extensive measures should be taken to change public opinion, raise awareness, facilitate knowledge exchanges and share successful experiences between different countries in this field.

In this way, the current research has been carried out in order to investigate global experiences in facing desertification. In fact, this research seeks to investigate what measures and solutions to reduce this phenomenon and its effects have been put in the agenda of the countries involved in desertification in recent years in line with the Convention against Desertification. Therefore, this research is a qualitative research in terms of method, an applied research in terms of purpose, and a descriptive-analytical research in terms of nature. In this research, after reviewing the basics and theoretical concepts about desertification, its causes as well as the effects and measures to face it, based on the qualitative content analysis of related experiences and researches, it has been done to review global experiences in facing desertification. In light of that, the actions of these countries in facing desertification and reducing its effects at the level of human settlements can be identified as a guide for the action of other countries involved in this phenomenon.

The results of this research show that in recent years, many measures have been taken to deal with desertification at the level of different countries in line with the Convention to Combat Desertification. The environmental protection and desertification control project in Ningxia China, the big green wall plan to control desertification in the south (coast) of the Great Sahara, the plan to deal with desertification in the western desert of Iraq and the plan to combat desertification in Libya are among them. Some of the actions of these countries in the face of desertification include planting trees suitable for climatic conditions, afforestation, stabilizing sand dunes with mud in order to deal with dust storms, controlling sand dunes, creating terraces to fight soil erosion, strengthening the Great Green Wall policy, the use of small pits for planting trees in sandy hills, the careful selection of plant species and the protection of native species, the creation of windbreaks, the conservation of rainwater in sloping agricultural lands, etc.

Key words: Climate Change, Desert, Desertification, Drought, Great Green Wall

Extended Abstract

Today, desertification is considered as one of the basic challenges of many countries in the world, including developing countries, which has expanded more and more in recent decades. So that today, more than 250 million people in the world are directly affected by the risk of desertification. This phenomenon, which is considered the third most important global challenge of the 21st century after the crisis of water shortage and drought, has led to the emergence of many negative effects in social, economic, environmental and institutional dimensions on the level of human settlements. All these issues and challenges have caused one of the international conventions compiled in relation to land to be the Convention against Desertification. In light of that, extensive measures should be taken to change public opinion, raise awareness, facilitate knowledge exchanges and share successful experiences between different countries in this field.





With these interpretations, some measures that can lead to dealing with desertification on the levels of human settlements have been mentioned.

❖ Modifying the pattern of agricultural cultivation

❖ Management of water resources and modification of water consumption pattern

❖ Forestry and tree planting in lands prone to desertification

❖ Combating land degradation through soil protection, reforestation and pastures

❖ containment of sand dunes

❖ Laying the foundation for the use of the Great Green Wall policy

❖ Using small pits to plant trees in sand dunes