رهپویه معماری و شهرسازی

رهپویه معماری و شهرسازی

ارتقای اصول طراحی نماهای هوشمند در ساختمان‌های اداری با بهره‌گیری از روش اینترنت اشیا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 کارشناسی ارشد معماری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم تحقیقات، تهران، ایران.
2 استادیار گروه معماری، دانشکده عمران، هنر و معماری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
مطالعات انجامشده در حوزه طراحی نماها در معماری بسیار گسترده است. در سالهای اخیر معماران به طراحی نمای هوشمند در تعامل با عوامل محیطی، گرایش پیدا کردهاند. محدودیت منابع انرژی و افزایش روزافزون مصرف آن، سبب استفاده از تکنولوژیهای هوشمند جهت انتقال بستههای اطلاعاتی در یک شبکۀ یکپارچۀ متصل که صرفهجویی در زمان و هزینه را به همراه دارد، شده است. در این مقاله به بررسی تکنولوژی نمای هوشمند با تأکید بر استفاده از روش اینترنت اشیا توسط نرمافزارهای موجود در تلفنهای هوشمند، رایانهها و... برای ادغام مستقیم دنیای فیزیکی و سیستمهای کامپیوتری و قابلیت کنترل و مدیریت از راه دور بهوسیلۀ سیستمهای متصل به اینترنت بر اساس زوایای بهینه سلولهای فتوولتائیک در ساختمانهای اداری پرداخته شد. در تحقیق حاضر از دو روش تحقیق اسنادی و توصیفی استفاده شد. در این پژوهش، مبانی نظری، بهوسیلۀ ابزار کتابخانهای و بررسی اسناد، مدارک، منابع و به همراه مطالعات میدانی با استفاده از روش تحلیل محتوا استخراجشده است. در این راستا، طرح پیشنهادی ساختمان بلوک چهار آموزشی دانشگاه علوم و تحقیقات تهران نیز بهعنوان مصداق این پژوهش، ارائه گردید. یافتههای پژوهش نشان از رابطهای هدفدار میان پوسته ساختمان و کنترل انرژی دارد به این صورت که با طراحی این نوع پوستهها و استفاده از زوایای بهینه برای نما که کاملاً جدا از آن است؛ بتوان نور و گرمای اضافی را تحت کنترل قرار داد و از طریق فناوریهای بیسیم و فرکانسهای رادیویی و درنتیجه ذخیره انرژی و حتی تولید آن، بتوان هزینههای ساختمان و انرژیهای مصرفی را تأمین نمود. با این نوع طراحیها میتوان ساختمانهایی هماهنگ با محیط اطراف خود فراهم نمود. بدینصورت که پوستههای متحرک به دلیل توانایی تغییر در شرایط متفاوت، نقش بسزایی در کنترل مصرف انرژی و ذخیرهسازی آن دارد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Improving the Design Principles of Smart Facades in Office Buildings Using the Internet of Things Method

نویسندگان English

Hediehsadat Hosseinian 1
Razieh Labibzadeh 2
1 MA student, Department of Architect, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Architect, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

The studies on facade design in architecture are extensive. In recent years, architects have increasingly focused on designing intelligent facades that interact with environmental factors. The limitation of energy resources and the increasing consumption of it has led to the use of Smart Technologies to transmit information packets in an integrated network that saves time and money. This article examines the Smart Facade technology, emphasizing the use of the Internet of Things method by the software available in smartphones, computers, etc., for the direct integration of the physical world and computer systems and the ability to control and manage remotely by systems connected to the Internet. The ideal goal of the project is the realization and sustainable development in architecture using modern systems. The main goal is to design Smart Facades in office buildings using the Internet of Things method using parametric architecture. The sub-goals to reach the general goal are: 1-Utilizing advanced technologies in the construction of office buildings; technologies that offer advantages for society. Such technologies are still in the pre-competitive stage and can be chosen for investment. 2- Identifying strategic research areas and designing a suitable space where information is extracted for the future of the human race. This research will be a study ground for solving the experienced current or future scientific problems. Therefore, the use of smart parametric technology by using the Internet of Things is part of the active solar method. In this method, it is possible to use the new technology and tools of a wide range of sensors to store energy and control bioclimatic conditions. Today, By ​​adding sensors to objects and transferring the desired data, it’s possible to control energy and improve the quality of human life. A continuous network of information that communicates with each other through the Internet can be called the Internet of Things. By using the function of the Internet of Things in buildings, it is possible to provide comfort and well-being for residents and users through the control of electricity flow, internal temperature, and smart alarm systems. It is possible to optimize energy consumption by designing such buildings. The current communication of remote broadcasting as the basic thought of this idea is inevitable. Proximity is a set of things or items around us, for example, radio frequency identification tags, sensors, actuators, mobile phones, etc. that can communicate with each other and cooperate with their neighbors to achieve common goals. This research uses two methods documentary and descriptive research. The theoretical foundations have been extracted using library tools, and the method of content analysis has conducted a review of documents and sources. The proposed building of the fourth educational block at the Tehran University of Science and Research was presented as an example of this research. Therefore, parametric architecture was considered as an independent variable, and exposure control of office spaces as a dependent variable. First, the information needed for the current research was examined by reviewing the data. Then, through the method of qualitative content and case study, through analysis and logical reasoning, an overview of the improvement in the amount of energy storage of the smart facade was carried out in the Block four-educational building, Tehran University of Science and Research. Also, based on the conducted studies, new methods were presented to respond to the needs of people in office buildings built in climatic and environmental conditions; by evaluating valid documents and examples used in architecture, the most efficient technology is determined by human needs and aimed at improving their quality of life. The process of turning into qualities is the final goal of this research. This method was used to identify the main and sub-categories of human needs and expectations from space, answered with the help of technology and through the Internet of Things method. This method is mostly used in the process of research, integrated research, examining the image of reality, and examining the degree of conformity of programs with structural and content characteristics. The research findings show a purposeful relationship between the building shell and energy control in such a way that designing these types of shells for the facade, is completely separate from it. It is possible to control excess light and heat, through wireless technologies and radio frequencies, and because of energy storage and even its production, it is possible to cover building costs and energy consumption. With these types of designs, buildings can be provided in harmony with the surrounding environment. In this way, moving shells play a significant role in controlling energy consumption and storing it because of their ability to change in different conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Moving shell
Energy storage
Internet of Things method
office space
Smart facades